Frozen shoulder
Millar, Neal Meakins, Adam Struyf, Filip Willmore, Elaine
Campbell, Abigail Kirwan, Paul Akbar, Moeed Moore, Laura Ronquillo, Jonathan Murrell, George
Millar, Neal
Meakins, Adam
Struyf, Filip
Campbell, Abigail
Kirwan, Paul
Akbar, Moeed
Moore, Laura
Ronquillo, Jonathan
Murrell, George
Glos Author
Date
2022-09-08
Journal Title
Subject
Type
Journal Article
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Abstract
Frozen shoulder is a common debilitating disorder characterized by shoulder pain and progressive loss of shoulder movement. Frozen shoulder is frequently associated with other systemic conditions or occurs following periods of immobilization, and has a protracted clinical course, which can be frustrating for patients as well as health-care professionals. Frozen shoulder is characterized by fibroproliferative tissue fibrosis, whereby fibroblasts, producing predominantly type I and type III collagen, transform into myofibroblasts (a smooth muscle phenotype), which is accompanied by inflammation, neoangiogenesis and neoinnervation, resulting in shoulder capsular fibrotic contractures and the associated clinical stiffness. Diagnosis is heavily based on physical examination and can be difficult depending on the stage of disease or if concomitant shoulder pathology is present. Management consists of physiotherapy, therapeutic modalities such as steroid injections, anti-inflammatory medications, hydrodilation and surgical interventions; however, their effectiveness remains unclear. Facilitating translational science should aid in development of novel therapies to improve outcomes among individuals with this debilitating condition.
Citation
Millar, N. L., Meakins, A., Struyf, F., Willmore, E., Campbell, A. L., Kirwan, P. D., Akbar, M., Moore, L., Ronquillo, J. C., Murrell, G. A. C., & Rodeo, S. A. (2022). Frozen shoulder. Nature reviews. Disease primers, 8(1), 59. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-022-00386-2